If this occurred through natural migration it would seemingly require movements over large bodies of water, desert, and other habitats where the primary host plants would be expected to be scarce. If so, then fall armyworm in two years traversed a minimum of 7,000 km from Nigeria to India and then another 4,000 km in the next year to southeastern Asia. In 2018 fall armyworm populations were found in multiple locations in India 8, 9, 10, 11, and now most recently in southeastern Asia 12, 13, 14.Ĭonjectures about fall armyworm movements in the Eastern Hemisphere depend on whether the timing of first detections in various regions accurately reflect the first arrival of the pest. Within the next two years infestations were observed in most sub-Saharan nations ranging from Kenya to the east and South Africa to the south 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Large infestations of fall armyworm in Africa were first reported in southwestern Nigeria in 2016 2.
These characteristics have become a global concern with the introduction of fall armyworm into the Eastern Hemisphere and its spread from western Africa to southeastern Asia over a remarkably short period of time. Smith)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a significant economic pest of corn and other crops in the Western Hemisphere and is noted for its broad host range (over 80 host plant species reported) and long-distance migration capability 1. The fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda J. The molecular similarities include discrepancies between the genetic markers that brings into question whether the subpopulation most likely to be a threat to rice and millet is present in significant numbers in Asia.
The results are consistent with a single recent introduction into the Eastern Hemisphere followed by rapid dispersion. This study found through comparisons of genetic markers that the fall armyworm from Myanmar and southern China are closely related to those from Africa and India, suggesting a common origin for these geographically distant populations. Although genetic data suggest populations sampled in Africa and India originate from a recent common source, it is not known whether this is the case for populations in southeastern Asia, nor whether the subgroup with a preference for rice and millet is present in the region. This moth pest has a broad host range that threatens such important crops as corn, rice, millet, and sorghum, creating concern for its potential impact on agriculture in the Eastern Hemisphere. The discovery of fall armyworm, a native of the Western Hemisphere, in western Africa in 2016 was rapidly followed by detections throughout sub-Saharan Africa, India, and most recently southeastern Asia.
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